[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.buduin.cz\/domestikace-zvirat\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.buduin.cz\/domestikace-zvirat\/","headline":"Domestikace zv\u00ed\u0159at","name":"Domestikace zv\u00ed\u0159at","description":"Dom\u00e1c\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata prov\u00e1z\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka u\u017e tis\u00edce let. Dom\u00e1c\u00edm zv\u00ed\u0159etem se ov\u0161em zv\u00ed\u0159e nerod\u00ed, dom\u00e1c\u00edm zv\u00ed\u0159etem se st\u00e1v\u00e1 v procesu zvan\u00e9m domestikace. Domestikace znamen\u00e1, \u017ee p\u016fvodn\u00ed divoce \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed druhy se p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed v\u00a0druhy zdom\u00e1cn\u011bl\u00e9, kter\u00e9 jsou vhodn\u00e9 k\u00a0chovu. Jedn\u00e1 se o mnoho genera\u010dn\u00ed proces, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0adaptaci na \u010dlov\u011bka. T\u00fdk\u00e1 se to nejen zv\u00ed\u0159at, ale tak\u00e9 rostlin.<a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.buduin.cz\/domestikace-zvirat\/\"> Pokra\u010dovat ve \u010dten\u00ed <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Domestikace zv\u00ed\u0159at<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\" aria-hidden=\"true\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a>","datePublished":"2019-05-21","dateModified":"2023-04-29","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.buduin.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"buduin.cz\n","url":"https:\/\/www.buduin.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c0c0e488d5f88ebdb5e32a558e21f6df03f38644814b5677bcd67e16813bee55?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c0c0e488d5f88ebdb5e32a558e21f6df03f38644814b5677bcd67e16813bee55?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"buduin.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.buduin.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a344863_w2022_t1558639465.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.buduin.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a344863_w2022_t1558639465.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.buduin.cz\/domestikace-zvirat\/","about":["Zv\u00ed\u0159ata"],"wordCount":417,"articleBody":"Dom\u00e1c\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata prov\u00e1z\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka u\u017e tis\u00edce let. Dom\u00e1c\u00edm zv\u00ed\u0159etem se ov\u0161em zv\u00ed\u0159e nerod\u00ed, dom\u00e1c\u00edm zv\u00ed\u0159etem se st\u00e1v\u00e1 v procesu zvan\u00e9m domestikace.\tDomestikace znamen\u00e1, \u017ee p\u016fvodn\u00ed divoce \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed druhy se p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed v\u00a0druhy zdom\u00e1cn\u011bl\u00e9, kter\u00e9 jsou vhodn\u00e9 k\u00a0chovu. Jedn\u00e1 se o mnoho genera\u010dn\u00ed proces, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0adaptaci na \u010dlov\u011bka. T\u00fdk\u00e1 se to nejen zv\u00ed\u0159at, ale tak\u00e9 rostlin.\t\tProces domestikace za\u010dal zhruba p\u0159ed 10\u00a0000 lety mezi \u0159ekami Eufrat a Tigris. Lid\u00e9 tehdy p\u0159ech\u00e1zeli od ko\u010dovn\u00e9ho zp\u016fsobu \u017eivota k\u00a0tomu usedl\u00e9mu. Lov a sb\u011br u\u017e nevyhovovaly, a tak \u010dlov\u011bk postupn\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159el vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Zv\u00ed\u0159ata byla vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na k\u00a0pr\u00e1ci, p\u0159evozu a tak\u00e9 jako zdroj potravy bu\u010f ve form\u011b ml\u00e9ka, vajec nebo ve form\u011b masa.\tPrvn\u00edm domestikovan\u00fdm zv\u00ed\u0159etem byl vlk, kter\u00fd se stal psem dom\u00e1c\u00edm. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata pat\u0159il skot, kr\u00e1vy, ovce, kozy a kon\u011b.\tJedn\u00e1 se tedy o poddruhy, kter\u00e9 se rozmno\u017euj\u00ed pod kontrolou \u010dlov\u011bka a jsou z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na jeho p\u00e9\u010di. Nemno\u017e\u00ed se ve voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b. Pokud by se domestikovan\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159e dostalo do voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody a za\u010dalo by se mno\u017eit nez\u00e1visle na \u010dlov\u011bku, naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed se tyto druhy jako zdivo\u010del\u00e9.\tDomestikace prob\u00edh\u00e1 dodnes. N\u011bkdy nen\u00ed hlavn\u00edm motivem zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed potravy. Nap\u0159\u00edklad za domestikovan\u00e9 mus\u00edme pova\u017eovat n\u011bkter\u00e9 pt\u00e1ky chovan\u00e9 v\u00a0klec\u00edch nebo druhy akvarijn\u00edch ryb.\t\tI kdy\u017e jsou domestikovan\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f, jejich zdom\u00e1c\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a ocho\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 v\u00a0podstat\u011b po\u0159\u00e1d stejn\u011b. Po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed dr\u017een\u00ed divok\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0jejich postupn\u00e9mu ocho\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed. Posledn\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed je pak vlastn\u00ed chov, kdy je zv\u00ed\u0159e p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159eno podle pot\u0159eb lid\u00ed. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed tak\u00e9 k\u00a0fyziologick\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m. Je potla\u010deno agresivn\u00ed nebo plach\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed, zvy\u0161uje se produkce ml\u00e9ka u samic. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed tedy k\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m anatomick\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at. Tvar t\u011bla, zbarven\u00ed.\tJedn\u00e1 se o dlouhodob\u00fd c\u00edlen\u00fd chov v\u00a0zajet\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se tedy o zv\u00ed\u0159ata hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 nebo o takzvan\u00e9 dom\u00e1c\u00ed mazl\u00ed\u010dky (psi, ko\u010dky).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.5\/5 - (11 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Domestikace zv\u00ed\u0159at","item":"https:\/\/www.buduin.cz\/domestikace-zvirat\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]